Kansas Ag Connection - Rural Areas of Kansas are 'Mental Health Deserts'

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Rural Areas of Kansas are 'Mental Health Deserts'
Kansas Ag Connection - 05/13/2021

Fluctuating commodity prices, weather challenges and other factors mean farmers are used to a certain amount of stress. But the pandemic in the past year added that much more, according to a Kansas State University behavioral health specialist.

"Farming is difficult in the best of circumstances, and to add a layer of stress such as the pandemic makes it more difficult to do the work and to recover from a mental health perspective," said Bradley Dirks PA-C, K-State Research and Extension Behavioral Health Specialist and associate director of the university's Physician's Assistant program.

"There are so many things impacting our mental health in rural areas. It's almost like a perfect storm," said Dirks, who noted that everyone has a different response to stress.

"Some stress is good -- it creates movement. It makes me be engaged. It makes me be involved in my environment. But when stress becomes too great, it begins to break down some of those natural abilities we have to deal with stress in our life," he said. "The same behaviors that often are perceived as positive -- that ability to 'power through it' or 'pull ourselves up by our bootstraps' -- push us to work that much harder and can sometimes fray the edges of what people are trying to accomplish, even to the point of coming unraveled."

Dirks noted that in rural communities and particularly in farming operations, people often work in solitary situations. Those stretches of time spent alone are typically balanced with church, school, community or other social gatherings. The pandemic made it difficult if not impossible to have that social balance, which further isolated many people.

That isolation plus mental health resources that are few and far between can magnify the problem for those seeking help. Even telehealth sessions with a counselor are difficult or non-existent for those lacking good broadband internet.

Dirks said some indications of stress include a lack of sleep, resulting in fatigue which magnifies everyday problems. Too many days like that result in a lack of concentration, irritability, anxiety, and changes in appetite which can cause further isolation. Some people turn to alcohol or other substances as a means to cope, which can further negatively impact our relationships.

"One of the things that makes us successful is our ability to power through. One of the things that impairs our ability to be healthy is our unwillingness to say we need help," he said.

He described rural Kansas as a "mental health desert," saying farmers often must drive long distances to find someone to connect with or who understands farm or rural stress.

Part of the solution is to educate people, Dirks said. More than 50% of us will feel depressed or anxious at some point in our lives so we are not alone or unique in our struggles.

To help connect rural Kansans with resources, the K-State Research and Extension Stress and Resiliency Transdisciplinary Team was assembled.

"We're in a great position with our extension agents and our extension system as a whole, to be able to identify the problem as well as be part of the solution," Dirks said. The team works in both rural and urban areas.

Any group across the state -- bank group, church group, or farm related organization -- can contact team members Rebecca McFarland at rmcfarla@ksu.edu or Rachael Clews at rclews@ksu.edu to request a one- to two-hour program on the topic of mental health.

Numerous people on the team have been trained in QPR (Question, Persuade and Respond), Dirks said. That program is focused on people who are potentially suicidal -- those who see no way out. Some team members are also trained in what he called mental health first aid, not as therapists but to recognize what to do when they know someone is struggling.

Dirks encourages anyone who is struggling with mental health challenges or who knows someone who may be, to seek help. See the sidebar for additional resources.

An Agriculture Today podcast featuring Bradley Dirks speaking on this topic is available online at https://bit.ly/3hnogva.

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