By Scout Nelson
In the diverse world of cattle breeding, understanding the development pace of heifers is crucial for timing breeding season interventions. Kansas State University's Beef Cattle Institute sheds light on this subject, with insights from a recent Cattle Chat podcast.
The conversation highlighted the variability in maturity among heifers, akin to the differences seen in human adolescents.
Bob Larson, a veterinarian at K-State, points out that while most heifers reach puberty around 12-13 months, breeds influenced by Brahman genetics may mature later.
He recommends a pre-breeding evaluation to pinpoint which heifers are poised for early breeding success, focusing on age and body weight as key maturity indicators.
During these evaluations, Larson assesses the heifer's reproductive tract for signs of approaching puberty, such as a more developed uterus and ovarian structures.
Timing these assessments is strategic: one is conducted six weeks before the breeding season to gauge cycling probability and allow for nutritional adjustments, and another before implementing synchronization protocols to identify heifers less likely to conceive.
Philip Lancaster, a beef cattle nutritionist at K-State, emphasizes the role of body fat in heifer development. He explains that as heifers near 60-65% of their mature weight, hormonal changes trigger ovulation. The target weight for cycling onset in many herds is around 850 pounds, though this can vary.
Lancaster advises that, six weeks before breeding, producers can assess body condition and adjust diets to promote a weight gain of 2-2.5 pounds per day. With appropriate nutritional planning 70-90 days prior to breeding, most heifers can reach puberty in time for a successful breeding season.
This strategic approach to heifer management underscores the importance of tailored nutrition and monitoring to enhance breeding outcomes.
Photo Credit -gettyimages-pamwalker68
Categories: Kansas, Education, Livestock, Beef Cattle