Kansas Crops Face Drought and Floods - 2023 Harvest Report

By Scout Nelson

Kansas farmers experienced a year of climatic extremes in 2023, as detailed in the latest Kansas Crop Performance Tests. Compiled by the K-State Research and Extension, the report, available online and at local extension offices, provides a comprehensive look at crop successes and the persistent challenges of water management.

According to Jane Lingenfelser, assistant agronomist and the report's coordinator, the season began with optimism, fueled by mild weather. Drought remained a concern, especially in eastern and central Kansas, despite sporadic rains that temporarily alleviated dryland stress. Southwest Kansas, conversely, encountered issues with excessive rainfall, leading to flash floods and waterlogged soils.

The season's turning point was a two-week period in August, characterized by temperatures 7°F above average and a lack of rainfall, severely impacting crops in central Kansas. While some areas with adequate soil water reserves fared better, the sudden heat wave left a significant mark on the state's corn and soybean production, with many fields unable to recover.

Grain sorghum and sunflowers showed somewhat greater resilience to the heat and drought but still suffered under the year's erratic weather conditions. Despite these challenges, pockets of southwest and northwest Kansas reported good to great yields, though the overall performance for Kansas in 2023 was below average.

The K-State crop performance testing program underscores the importance of regional testing to accurately assess variety performance under Kansas's unique climatic and management conditions. Lingenfelser emphasizes the variability within Kansas, noting that conditions conducive to crop growth and success can dramatically change even within short distances.

This year's findings reinforce the unpredictable nature of Kansas weather and its impact on farming. Lingenfelser advises farmers to consider variety selection, considering local conditions and leveraging extensive data sources to inform their decisions.

Despite the unpredictability, choosing the right variety represents a critical control point for farmers, aiming to navigate the complexities of Kansas agriculture successfully.

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